Monica Che Monica Che

์ž‘์€ ๋•…์˜ ์•ผ์ˆ˜๋“ค-์‚ฌ๋ž‘์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ Beasts on a Small Land- A Different Kind of Love

A reflection on Kim Ju-hyeโ€™s Beasts of a Small Land, exploring love, memory, and survival amid Koreaโ€™s turbulent modern history. Through Ok-heeโ€™s quiet strength and the intertwined lives around her, the essay reveals another form of love that endures time.

๊น€์ฃผํ˜œ์˜ ์†Œ์„ค โ€˜์ž‘์€ ๋•…์˜ ์•ผ์ˆ˜๋“คโ€™์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ท€์—ผ์„ฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŒํƒ€์ง€ ์†Œ์„ค์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งŽ๊ณ  ํ•  ๋ง๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜€๋‹ค.

I read Beasts of a Small Land by Kim Ju-hye. Drawn by the charm of its title, I first imagined it to be a fantasy novel. Yet what unfolded was a profound and layered story about Koreaโ€™s turbulent modern historyโ€”a subject both vast and full of untold voices.

ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊พผ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ธ€์˜ ํฌ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ฐ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๊ธฐ์„ค๊ธฐ ์„ฅํ˜€์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊พผ์€ ์ด ๊ณ ๋œ ์šด๋ช…์˜ ์—‡๊ฐˆ๋ฆผ์˜ ์„œ๋ง‰์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ์ž๋ž์œผ๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊พธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ—˜ํ•œ ์‚ฐ ์†์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง€๋Š” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ํ˜ธ๋ž‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์ซ“์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ์ผ๋ณธ๊ตฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์šฉ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃฝ์„ ๋ป”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋“ค์€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ํŽผ์ณ์งˆ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์„œ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ดˆ์ด๋‹ค.

The novel opens with the story of a hunter. Various lives intersect and intertwine, and this hunter marks the prologue of their fateful entanglement. His origins are of little importance. We are not told where he was born, how he built a family, or how he survived in the harsh mountains. What matters is his encounter with a tigerโ€”how he loses and chases it, how he is exploited and nearly killed by Japanese soldiers. These events become the spark that sets the intertwined destinies of the other characters in motion.

Image sourced from the Kookje Newspaper.

ํ˜ธ๋ž‘์ด๋Š” ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ „๋ž˜๋™ํ™”์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํฌ์•…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์ „์„ค ์†์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์˜ ๊ทธ ๋™๋ฌผ์›์˜ ํ˜ธ๋ž‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์˜ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์šด์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๊ณ  ๊ทธ์ € ๊ฐ€๋…€๋ฆฐ ๋งน์ˆ˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋‹ค.

The tiger, once a fierce yet sentient creature from old folktales, now exists only as a legend. When we picture the caged tiger at a zoo, that mystical aura is goneโ€”what remains is merely a fragile beast.

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ฅํฌ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ธ ์˜ฅํฌ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋จน์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ—ค์•„๋ฆผ์ด ๊นŠ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ธ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ ์—ฐํ™”์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์˜ฅํ™”๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ , ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ง์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณฑ์”น์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋” ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ธฐ์— ์—ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์ž‘ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‘๋ ค์›€ ์—†์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ผ ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์—ฐํ™”์˜ ์„ฑ์ •์„ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ๋‹ค.

Then comes Ok-heeโ€™s story. As the true protagonist, she grows into a woman of remarkable intelligence, empathy, and beauty. In contrast, her friend Yeon-hwa embodies a freer, more expressive nature. While Yeon-hwa is unafraid to show her curiosity and emotions to the world, Ok-hee is introspective and observant, weaving her understanding of the world quietly within herself.

๋น„๋ก ์˜ฅํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ง‘ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋ถ€๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ด ๋œ ๋†์‚ฌ๊พผ์˜ ์žฅ๋…€์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์ด ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์ƒ๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์งˆ๊ณผ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผœ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์ด ์†Œ์„ค ์ „์ฒด์—์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ—ค์•„๋ฆด ์ค„ ์•Œ๊ณ , ์†”์งํ•˜๊ณ  ๊พธ๋ฐˆ์—†๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋น„์น  ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์˜ฅํฌ.

Born the eldest daughter of a farmer, Ok-hee first seeks work as a cleaner at a gisaeng house, only to become a gisaeng herself. Her contemplative temperament seems at odds with that life, yet she discovers her own gifts and becomes the emotional core of the novel. Thoughtful, candid, and unpretentious, Ok-hee lives with an honesty that defines her.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋˜ ๋‚จ์ž, ํ•œ์ฒ . ํžŒ์ฒ ์€ ์„ฌ์„ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ง€์ ์ธ ๋‚จ์ž๋กœ, ํ’‹ํ’‹ํ•œ ์ฒญ๋…„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์•„๋‚Œ์—†์ด ์˜ฅํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ถœ์„ธ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์• ์ดˆ์— ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ์˜ฅํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

She loves Han-cheol, a delicate and intellectual man who gives her his youthful affection but cannot overcome his social ambition. Though he loves her, he cannot openly claim herโ€”a woman of gisaeng backgroundโ€”as his equal.

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋ฆด์ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ๋…€ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋น™๋น™ ๋Œ๋˜ ๋‚จ์ •ํ˜ธ. ๋œปํ•œ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ์˜ฅํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ์ƒ์ด ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์€ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ช…ํ˜ธ๋ผ๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜(็พฉ)๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ์ดํ›„ ํ˜•์žฅ์˜ ์ด์Šฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜ฅํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ๋ชจ๋ž˜์‹œ๊ณ„ ์†์„ ๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฟˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š”๋‹ค.

And then there is Nam Jeong-ho, who has orbited Ok-hee since youth. Not knowing what purpose to pursue, he believes that sacrificing himself for her is the truest path for his life. Meeting the independence activist Lee Myung-ho, he discovers a greater sense of righteousness. Though he ultimately meets his end after liberation, his love for Ok-hee and the life force it gives him are described like a dream flowing through an hourglassโ€”a realization that the divide between life and death is but an illusion.

๊ธ€์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์„œ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์•„๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ 3์ธ์นญ ์†Œ์„ค์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑํ’ˆ, ๊ต์–‘, ๊ต์œก ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป์–ด ๋‚˜์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋‚จ์ •ํ˜ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ์ƒ์กด๋ณธ๋Šฅ๋งŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฒฝํ•œ ํ•œ ์†Œ๋…„์ด ์ด๋ฆฌ์ €๋ฆฌ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋”ชํžˆ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์€ ๋‚จ์ •ํ˜ธ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์• ์ผ๋‹ค.

The novel contains many stories, each voice distinct. What is remarkable is that, though written in the third person, the narration reflects each characterโ€™s backgroundโ€”their education, temperament, and worldliness. This is especially true for Nam Jeong-ho. His survival as a boy wandering the streets of Seoul is depicted with vivid realism, revealing his very essence.

์ด ์†Œ์„ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฎ์•„์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธํ† ๋ก ์ž”์ธํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ด์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ํฌ๋กœ์• ๋žต(ๅ–œ๏ฅ ๅ“€๏ฅœ)์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์šธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ์•ˆํƒ€๊นŒ์›€์„ ์ค€๋‹ค.

This work mirrors the essence of Korean modern historyโ€”its cruelty and its humanity. Despite the brutality of the era, the people within it lived through joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure, just like those in any other time. It is this universality that moves readers and fills them with quiet sorrow.

ํฌ๋กœ์• ๋ฝ ์ค‘์— ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ์• (ๆ„›)๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ์— ์†Œ์„ค ์† ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์˜ฅํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค. ์™œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์€ ์—†๋Š”๊ฐ€. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฅํฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.

In one scene, a student asks Ok-hee, โ€œWhy is there no love in this story?โ€
She replies:

์‚ถ์€ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—.

๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์‚ด์•„ ๋ณผ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—.

Life is bearable because time makes us forget.
But it is still worth livingโ€”because love makes us remember.

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